An analysis and evaluation of the relationship between civilian-Navy interest groups and the Navy's public information program.

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston Universit

Absorptive Capacity and Frontier Technology: Evidence from OECD Manufacturing Industries

This paper investigates whether differences in absorptive capacity help to explain cross-country differences in the level of productivity. We utilise stochastic frontier analysis to investigate two potential sources of this inefficiency: differences in human capital and R&D for nine industries in twelve OECD countries over the period 1973-92. We find that inefficiency in production does indeed exist and it depends upon the level of human capital of the countryÕs workforce.Evidence that the amount of R&D an industry undertakes is also important is less robust. Classification- JEL: O3, O4absorptive capacity, human capital, R&D, SFA

Editing OWL through generated CNL

Abstract. Traditionally, Controlled Natural Languages (CNLs) are de-signed either to avoid ambiguity for human readers, or to facilitate auto-matic semantic analysis, so that texts can be transcoded to a knowledge representation language. CNLs of the second kind have recently been adapted to the requirements of knowledge formation in OWL for the Semantic Web. We suggest in this paper a variant approach based on automatic generation of texts in CNL (as opposed to automatic analy-sis), and argue that this provides the best of both worlds, allowing us to pursue human readability in addition to a precise mapping from texts to a formal language.

Automating class definitions from OWL to English

Text definitions for entities within bio-ontologies are a cor-nerstone of the effort to gain a consensus in understanding and usage of those ontologies. Writing these definitions is, however, a considerable effort and there is often a lag be-tween specification of the entities in the ontology and the development of the text-based definitions. As well as these text definitions, there can also be logical descriptions and definitions of an ontology's entities. The goal of natural lan-guage generation (NLG) from ontologies is to take the logi-cal description of entities and generate fluent natural lan-guage. We should be able to use NLG to automatically pro-vide text-based definitions from an ontology that has logical descriptions of its entities and thus avoid the bottleneck of authoring these definitions by hand. In this paper we present some early work in using NLG to provide such text definitions for the Experimental factor Ontology (EFO). We present our results, discuss issues in generating text definitions, and highlight some future work

Eroding ribbon thermocouples: impulse response and transient heat flux analysis

We have investigated a particular type of fast-response surface thermocouple to determine if it is appropriate to use a one dimensional transient heat conduction model to derive the transient surface heat flux from the measurements of surface temperature. With these sensors, low thermal inertia thermocouple junctions are formed near the surface by abrasive wear. Using laser excitation, we obtained the impulse response of these commercially available devices. The response of particular sensors can vary if new junctions are created by abrasive wear. Furthermore, the response of these sensors was found to deviate substantially from the one dimensional model and varied from sensor to sensor. The impulse response was simulated with greater fidelity using a two dimensional finite element model, but three dimensional effects also appear to be significant. The impact of these variations on the derived heat flux is assessed for the case of measurements in an internal combustion engine. When the measured impulse response is used to derive the surface heat flux, the apparent reversal of heat flux during the expansion stroke does not occur

Heat transport and flow structure in rotating Rayleigh-B\'enard convection

Here we summarize the results from our direct numerical simulations (DNS) and experimental measurements on rotating Rayleigh-B\'enard (RB) convection. Our experiments and simulations are performed in cylindrical samples with an aspect ratio \Gamma varying from 1/2 to 2. Here \Gamma=D/L, where D and L are the diameter and height of the sample, respectively. When the rotation rate is increased, while a fixed temperature difference between the hot bottom and cold top plate is maintained, a sharp increase in the heat transfer is observed before the heat transfer drops drastically at stronger rotation rates. Here we focus on the question of how the heat transfer enhancement with respect to the non-rotating case depends on the Rayleigh number Ra, the Prandtl number Pr, and the rotation rate, indicated by the Rossby number Ro. Special attention will be given to the influence of the aspect ratio on the rotation rate that is required to get heat transport enhancement. In addition, we will discuss the relation between the heat transfer and the large scale flow structures that are formed in the different regimes of rotating RB convection and how the different regimes can be identified in experiments and simulations.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figure

A concurrent precursor inflow method for Large Eddy Simulations and applications to finite length wind farms

In order to enable simulations of developing wind turbine array boundary layers with highly realistic inflow conditions a concurrent precursor method for Large Eddy Simulations is proposed. In this method we consider two domains simultaneously, i.e. in one domain a turbulent Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) without wind turbines is simulated in order to generate the turbulent inflow conditions for a second domain in which the wind turbines are placed. The benefit of this approach is that a) it avoids the need for large databases in which the turbulent inflow conditions are stored and the correspondingly slow I/O operations and b) we are sure that the simulations are not negatively affected by statically swept fixed inflow fields or synthetic fields lacking the proper ABL coherent structures. Sample applications are presented, in which, in agreement with field data a strong decrease of the power output of downstream wind-turbines with respect to the first row of wind-turbines is observed for perfectly aligned inflow.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure

Radial boundary layer structure and Nusselt number in Rayleigh-Benard convection

Results from direct numerical simulations for three dimensional Rayleigh-Benard convection in a cylindrical cell of aspect ratio 1/2 and Pr=0.7 are presented. They span five decades of Ra from $2\times 10^6$ to $2 \times10^{11}$. Good numerical resolution with grid spacing $\sim$ Kolmogorov scale turns out to be crucial to accurately calculate the Nusselt number, which is in good agreement with the experimental data by Niemela et al., Nature, 404, 837 (2000). In underresolved simulations the hot (cold) plumes travel further from the bottom (top) plate than in the fully resolved case, because the thermal dissipation close to the sidewall (where the grid cells are largest) is insufficient. We compared the fully resolved thermal boundary layer profile with the Prandtl-Blasius profile. We find that the boundary layer profile is closer to the Prandtl Blasius profile at the cylinder axis than close to the sidewall, due to rising plumes in that region.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure

Kuwait Asia Bank EC v National Mutual Life Nominees Ltd revisited : the possible vicarious liability of a holding company for the delicts caused by its nominee directors on the board of its subsidiary

CITATION: Stevens, R. 2019. Kuwait Asia Bank EC v National Mutual Life Nominees Ltd revisited : the possible vicarious liability of a holding company for the delicts caused by its nominee directors on the board of its subsidiary. Journal of South African Law / Tydskrif vir die Suid-Afrikaanse Reg, Volume 2019(1):78-90.The original publication is available at https://journals.co.za/content/journal/jlc_tsarIn Kuwait Asia Bank EC v National Mutual Life Nominees Ltd is beslis dat ’n houermaatskappy nie middellik aanspreeklik gehou kan word vir die deliktuele skade, wat sy genomineerde direkteur (wat ’n werknemer van die houer is) op die direksie van sy filiaal vir die filiaal veroorsaak nie. Die outeur ondersoek of hierdie saak nog hedendaags dieselfde beslis sal word. In Van der Berg v Coopers & Lybrand Trust (Pty) Ltd skep die hoogste hof van appèl die indruk dat daar wel sodanige aanspreeklikheid in die gegewe konteks mag wees. Die outeur toon dat die hof in hierdie geval slegs die arbeidsregtelike verhouding tussen die houer/werkgewer en die direkteur/ werknemer oorweeg het om die vraag van middellike aanspreeklikheid te oorweeg sonder om die impak van ander regsnorme te oorweeg. In Public Investment Corporation Ltd v Bodigelo noem die hof dat ’n direkteur in sy hoedanigheid as werknemer deur die aandeelhouer aangestel is en skep dus ook die indruk dat sou sodanige direkteur skade vir die maatskappy, waar hy as direkteur dien, veroorsaak, die aanstellende maatskappy middellik aanspreeklik sou wees. Die gevolgtrekking wat gemaak word, is dat ’n hof nie die vraag van middellike aanspreeklikheid bloot op grond van die diensverhouding tussen die houer en die direkteur kan beantwoord nie. ’n Hof behoort ook, soos in die Kuwait Bank-saak, die maatskappyregtelike werklikheid, naamlik dat die houer nie ’n direkteur van die filiaal mag wees nie en dus genoop is om ’n natuurlike persoon as direkteur aan te stel, te oorweeg. Die verhouding is egter dan nie een van werkgewer/werknemer nie, maar die unieke verhouding t ussen ’n aandeelhouer en ’n direkteur wat deur die aandeelhouers verkies word. Die toets vir middellike aanspreeklikheid kan dus nie net vanuit ’n arbeidsregtelike oogpunt beskou word nie, maar ook vanuit ’n maatskappyregtelike oogpunt soos in die Kuwait Bank-saak.INTRODUCTION: Employers are held vicariously liable for the delicts committed by their employees where such delicts caused loss/harm to a person. Vicarious liability is strict liability, ie there is no need to prove fault on the side of the employer. Although the South African legal system is primarily based on Roman-Dutch law, English law has had a profound impact in various fields of the law. Vicarious liability is one of those fields, as is company law. Generally speaking, employers are held liable for the harm caused by their employees during the course and scope of their employment duties for their employers. The aforementioned statement raises three questions for the purposes of this article: when is a person an employer, when is a person an employee and when did a person act in the course and scope of his/her duties of employment? The first two questions seek to determine whether an employment relationship existed, and within the context of this article, ask whether it would suffice to establish vicarious liability for the employer. The question of whether the person who is alleged to be an employee acted within the course and scope of his or her duty may or may not become relevant.https://journals-co-za.ez.sun.ac.za/content/journal/10520/EJC-1376006333?fromSearch=truePublishers versio

SUPPLY CHAINS MAY DELIVER SAFER TOMATOES AND STRAWBERRIES

Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,